The traditional classification instruments developed for and used with adult correctional populations do not take into account the special needs or the maturation issues presented by youthful offenders. Prison classification systems have been developed and validated on adult male populations and are not sensitive to the unique attributes and behaviors of youthful populations. These classification systems consist of both external and internal models.
External classification systems are used to determine whether an inmate should be placed in the general population or assigned to a special management unit. The latter consists of protective custody, administrative segregation, mental health, and medical care units. The former results in a designation of minimum, medium, close, or maximum custody. Assessments are also made on the types of programs or treatment services the inmate should participate in. Based on the custody and program/treatment needs, a determination is made on the most appropriate facility to which to transfer the inmate.
One suggestion is for adult correctional systems either to use classification systems that have been developed by the state’s juvenile correctional agency or to develop their own system to be used for youth committed to their care. Such a classification system should be capable of assessing each youth with respect to their risk to public safety, institutional conduct, and specific program needs in the areas of mental health, substance abuse, education, vocational training, and medical care.
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